Which of the following molecules has zero dipole moment?

Which of the following molecules has zero dipole moment?
  1. $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
  2. $\mathrm{x}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}$
  3. $\mathrm{X}_{3} \cdot \mathrm{NF}_{3}$
  4. $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$

Solution

In $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, the $\mathrm{C}-\mathrm{O}$ bond dipoles are equal in magnitude but oriented in opposite directions (at $180^{\circ}$). Their vector sum is zero, so $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ has no net dipole.

Asked in: MHT CET 2020 (20 Oct Shift 1)

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