Which of the following has more $\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}$ value?

Which of the following has more $\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}$ value?
  1. 2-Nitrophenol
  2. 3-Nitrophenol
  3. 4-Nitrophenol
  4. 2, 4-Dinitrophenol

Solution

Greater $\mathrm{pK}_{\mathrm{a}}$ value means smaller $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{a}}$ or weaker acid. Due to the presence of an electron-withdrawing $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ group at the meta position, 3- nitrophenol is the weakest acid among the given options. The effect of $-\mathrm{NO}_2$ is nullified at the meta position.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2023 (15 May Shift 2)

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