What is the value of increase in internal energy when system does $8 \mathrm{~J}$ of work on surrounding by…

What is the value of increase in internal energy when system does $8 \mathrm{~J}$ of work on surrounding by supplying $40 \mathrm{~J}$ of heat to it?
  1. $23 \mathrm{~J}$
  2. $32 \mathrm{~J}$
  3. $40 \mathrm{~J}$
  4. $48 \mathrm{~J}$

Solution

Heat $(Q)=+40 \mathrm{~J}$ Work $(W)=-8 \mathrm{~J}$ According to first law of thermodynamics, $\begin{aligned} & \Delta \mathrm{U}=\mathrm{Q}+\mathrm{W} \\ & \Delta \mathrm{U}=(+40-8) \mathrm{J} \quad \therefore \quad \Delta \mathrm{U}=+32 \mathrm{~J} \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2023 (11 May Shift 1)

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