Two spherical black bodies of radii ' $R_1$ ' and ' $\mathrm{R}_2$ ' and with surface temperature '…

Two spherical black bodies of radii ' $R_1$ ' and ' $\mathrm{R}_2$ ' and with surface temperature ' $\mathrm{T}_1$ ' and ' $\mathrm{T}_2$ ' respectively radiate the same power. The ratio of ' $R_1$ ' to ' $R_2$ ' will be
  1. $\left(\frac{T_2}{T_1}\right)^4$
  2. $\left(\frac{T_2}{T_1}\right)^2$
  3. $\left(\frac{T_1}{T_2}\right)^4$
  4. $\left(\frac{T_1}{T_2}\right)^2$

Solution

For any two bodies of radii $R_1$ and $R_2$, kept at temperatures $T_1$ and $T_2$, the power radiated or rate of loss of heat by them can be given as, $\frac{\mathrm{Q}_1}{\mathrm{Q}_2}=\left(\frac{\mathrm{R}_1}{\mathrm{R}_2}\right)^2 \times\left(\frac{\mathrm{T}_1}{\mathrm{~T}_2}\right)^4$ In case of non-spherical bodies, $\left(\frac{\mathrm{R}_1}{\mathrm{R}_2}\right)^2$ can be replaced by $\left(\frac{A_1}{A_2}\right)$ where $A_1, A_2$ are areas of the given bodies. $\therefore \quad$ For same power, $\begin{aligned} &\left(\frac{\mathrm{R}_1}{\mathrm{R}_2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{\mathrm{T}_2}{\mathrm{~T}_1}\right)^4 \\ & \therefore \quad\left(\frac{\mathrm{R}_1}{\mathrm{R}_2}\right)=\left(\frac{\mathrm{T}_2}{\mathrm{~T}_1}\right)^2 \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2024 (03 May Shift 1)

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