The value of $\tan \frac{\pi}{8}$ is

The value of $\tan \frac{\pi}{8}$ is
  1. $1-\sqrt{2}$
  2. $-1-\sqrt{2}$
  3. $\sqrt{2}-1$
  4. $\sqrt{2}+1$

Solution

$\begin{aligned} & \text { Since } \tan 2 \theta=\frac{2 \tan \theta}{1-\tan ^2 \theta} \\ & \therefore \quad \tan \frac{\pi}{4}=\frac{2 \tan \frac{\pi}{8}}{1-\tan ^2 \frac{\pi}{8}} \\ & \Rightarrow 1=\frac{2 \tan \frac{\pi}{8}}{1-\tan ^2 \frac{\pi}{8}} \\ & \text { Let } y=\tan \frac{\pi}{8} \\ & \Rightarrow 1=\frac{2 y}{1-y^2} \\ & \Rightarrow y^2+2 y-1=0 \\ & \Rightarrow y=\frac{-2 \pm \sqrt{4+4}}{2} \\ & \Rightarrow y=\frac{-2 \pm 2 \sqrt{2}}{2} \\ & \Rightarrow y=-1 \pm \sqrt{2} \\ & \tan \frac{\pi}{8}=-1 \pm \sqrt{2} \end{aligned}$ Since $\frac{\pi}{8}$ lies in $1^{\text {st }}$ quadrant. $\begin{aligned} \therefore \quad \tan \frac{\pi}{8} & \neq-1-\sqrt{2} \\ \therefore \quad \tan \frac{\pi}{8} & =-1+\sqrt{2} \\ & =\sqrt{2}-1 \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2023 (10 May Shift 1)

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