The stability of +1 oxidation state increases in the sequence

The stability of +1 oxidation state increases in the sequence
  1. $\mathrm{Ga} < \mathrm{In} < \mathrm{Al} < \mathrm{TI}$
  2. Al $ < $ Ga $ < $ In $ < $ TI
  3. Tl $ < $ In $ < $ Ga $ < $ Al
  4. In $ < $ Tl $ < $ Ga $ < $ Al

Solution

The stability of +1 oxidation state among Al, $\mathrm{Ga}$, In and $\mathrm{Tl}$ increases in the sequence $\mathrm{Al} < \mathrm{Ga} < \mathrm{In} < \mathrm{Tl}$ This is due to inert pair effect due to which on moving down the group, the stability of +3 oxidation state decreases while stability of +1 oxidation state increases.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2021 (24 Aug Shift 1)

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