The solution of $x \frac{d y}{d x}=y+x e^{y / x}$ with $y(1)=0$ is

The solution of $x \frac{d y}{d x}=y+x e^{y / x}$ with $y(1)=0$ is
  1. $e^{y / x}+\log x=1$
  2. $e^{-y / x}=\log x$
  3. $e^{-y / x}+2 \log x=1$
  4. $e^{-y / x}+\log x=1$

Solution

Given differential equation is $ \begin{gathered} x \frac{d y}{d x}=y+x e^{y / x} \\ \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{y}{x}+e^{y / x} \end{gathered} $ It is a homogeneous differential equation. $ \begin{array}{llrl} & \therefore \text { Put } y=v x \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=v+x \frac{d v}{d x} \\ & \therefore & v+x \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{v x}{x}+e^{v x / x} \\ \Rightarrow & v+x \frac{d v}{d x} & =v+e^v \\ \Rightarrow & x \frac{d v}{d x} & =e^v \end{array} $ $ \Rightarrow \quad e^{-v} d v=\frac{1}{x} d x $ On integrating both sides, we get $ \begin{aligned} -e^{-v} & =\log x+c \\ -e^{-y / x} & =\log x+c \end{aligned} $ Given, $y(1)=0$ $ \begin{array}{rlrl} & \therefore & e^{-0 / 1} & =\log 1+c \\ & & -1 & =0+c \Rightarrow c=-1 \\ \therefore & -e^{-y / x} & =\log x-1] \\ \Rightarrow & & 1 & =\log x+e^{-y / x} \end{array} $

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2014

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