The solution of $x d y-y d x=\sqrt{x^2+y^2} d x$ when $y(\sqrt{3})$ $=1$ is

The solution of $x d y-y d x=\sqrt{x^2+y^2} d x$ when $y(\sqrt{3})$ $=1$ is
  1. $y^2+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x^2$
  2. $5 y-\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x^2$
  3. $y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x$
  4. $5 y^2-\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x$

Solution

Since, $x d y-y d x=\sqrt{x^2+y^2} d x$ $\begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow x d y=\left(y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right) d x \\ & \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}}{x} \end{aligned}$ Let $y=v x \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=v+x \frac{d v}{d x}$ So, $v+x \frac{d v}{d x}=\frac{v x+\sqrt{x^2+v^2 x^2}}{x}$ $\begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow x \frac{d v}{d x}=\sqrt{1+v^2} \Rightarrow \int \frac{d v}{\sqrt{1+v^2}}=\int \frac{1}{x} d x \\ & \Rightarrow \log \left(v+\sqrt{v^2+1}\right)=\log x c \\ & \Rightarrow y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=xc \end{aligned}$ Since, $y(\sqrt{3})=1 \Rightarrow 1+\sqrt{4}=3 c \Rightarrow c=1$ So, $y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=x$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2024 (19 May Shift 2)

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