The shape of \(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}\) ion according to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory…
The shape of \(\mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}\) ion according to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory will be:
Planar triangular
Pyramidal
Tetrahedral
Square planar
Solution
Step 1: Hybridization:
- "Hybridization is defined as the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, resulting in the formation of a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape."
Step 2: Formula used for calculation:
- Steric number \(=\frac{1}{2}[\mathrm{~V}+\mathrm{M}-\mathrm{C}+\mathrm{A}]\)
- Where V is the number of valence electrons, M is the monovalent electron, C is the positive charge and A represents the negative charge.
Step 3: Calculation for Hybridisation of \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\):
- The total number of valence electrons of Chlorine in \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\)is 7 and there is no monovalent atom.
Steric number \(=\frac{1}{2}[7+1]\)
- Steric number \(=\frac{1}{2} \times 8=4\)
- The steric number is 4, thus the hybridization of \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\)is \(\mathrm{sp}^3\).
Step 4: Shape of \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\):
- In \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\), there is one lone pair of electrons and three bond pairs. Thus as per VSEPR theory, the shape of \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\)is pyramidal shape.
- The structure of \(\mathrm{ClO}_3{ }^{-}\)is given below:
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