The power factor of an R-L circuit is $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$. If the frequency of $\mathrm{AC}$ is doubled the…

The power factor of an R-L circuit is $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$. If the frequency of $\mathrm{AC}$ is doubled the power factor will now be
  1. $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$
  2. $\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}$
  3. $\frac{1}{\sqrt{7}}$
  4. $\frac{1}{\sqrt{11}}$

Solution

The power factor of an R-L circuit is given as, $\begin{aligned} & \quad \cos \phi=\frac{\mathrm{R}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{R}^2+\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{L}}{ }^2}} \\ & \therefore \quad \frac{\mathrm{R}}{\sqrt{\mathrm{R}^2+\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{L}}{ }^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ & \therefore \quad \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\left(\frac{\mathrm{X}_{\mathrm{L}}}{\mathrm{R}}\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ & \therefore \quad \frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\left(\frac{\omega \mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{R}}\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \\ & \therefore \quad\left(\frac{\omega \mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{R}}\right)^2+1=2 \\ & \therefore \quad \frac{\omega \mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{R}}=1 \end{aligned}$ So, when the AC frequency is doubled, $\begin{aligned} \frac{\omega \mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{R}} & =2 \\ \therefore \quad \cos \phi & =\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+\left(\frac{\omega \mathrm{L}}{\mathrm{R}}\right)^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+(2)^2}} \\ \therefore \quad \cos \phi & =\frac{1}{\sqrt{5}} \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2023 (14 May Shift 2)

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