The minimum distance of a point on the curve $y=x^2-4$ from the origin is

The minimum distance of a point on the curve $y=x^2-4$ from the origin is
  1. $\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}$
  2. $\frac{\sqrt{19}}{2}$
  3. $\sqrt{\frac{15}{2}}$
  4. $\sqrt{\frac{19}{2}}$

Solution

Curve is $y=x^2-4$. Minimum distance from origin is along the normal passing through origin. Consider a point on curve $\left(h, h^2-4\right)$. Slope of tangent is $2 x=2 h$ at $\left(h, h^2-4\right)$ $\therefore$ Slope of normal is $-\frac{1}{2 h}$. $\therefore$ Equation of normal is $\left(y-\left(h^2-4\right)=-\frac{1}{2 h}(x-h)\right)$ This passes through $(0,0)$. $ \begin{aligned} & \therefore & -h^2+4 & =\frac{1}{2} \\ \Rightarrow & & h & = \pm \sqrt{\frac{7}{2}} \end{aligned} $ $\therefore$ Points on the curve at minimum distance from origin can be $\left( \pm \sqrt{\frac{7}{2}},-\frac{1}{2}\right)$. $ \therefore \text { Minimum distance }=\sqrt{\frac{7}{2}+\frac{1}{4}}=\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2} $

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2022 (07 Jul Shift 2)

Practice more Applications of Derivatives questions on Aicharya