The magnetic field (B) inside a long solenoid having ' n ' turns per unit length and carrying current ' $i$…

The magnetic field (B) inside a long solenoid having ' n ' turns per unit length and carrying current ' $i$ ' when iron core is kept in it, is ( $\mu_0=$ permeability of vacuum, $\chi=$ magnetic susceptibility)
  1. $\mu_0 \mathrm{ni}(1+\chi)$
  2. $\mu_0 \mathrm{ni}^2(1+\chi)$
  3. $\mu_0 \mathrm{ni} \chi$
  4. $\mu_0 \operatorname{ni}(1-\chi)$

Solution

Magnetic field enhancement in a solenoid with an iron core

The magnetic field inside a long solenoid with n turns per unit length carrying current i is given by $B_0 = \mu_0 n i$.

Introducing an iron core changes the permeability from $\mu_0$ to $\mu$, so the field becomes $B = \mu n i$.

The permeability of a magnetic material is defined by $\mu = \mu_0 (1 + \chi)$, where $\chi$ is the magnetic susceptibility.

Substituting this into the equation for the magnetic field yields $B = \mu_0 (1 + \chi) n i$.

Asked in: MHT CET 2025 (05 May Shift 2)

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