The ions $\mathrm{S}^{2-}, \mathrm{Cl}^{-}, \mathrm{K}^{+}, \mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ are isoelectronic. Their ionic…

The ions $\mathrm{S}^{2-}, \mathrm{Cl}^{-}, \mathrm{K}^{+}, \mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ are isoelectronic. Their ionic radii show
  1. a decrease from $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ to $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$and then increase from $\mathrm{K}^{+}$to $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$
  2. an increase from $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ to $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$and then decrease from $\mathrm{K}^{+}$to $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$
  3. a significant decrease from $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ to $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$
  4. a significant increase from $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ to $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$

Solution

For isoelectronic species, the ionic radii decrease with increase in nuclear charge. So, the cation with greater + ve charge i.e. $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ will have smaller radius and the anion with greater - ve charge i.e. $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ will have a larger radius. $\because$ The ionic radii show a significant decrease from $\mathrm{S}^{2-}$ to $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2021 (23 Aug Shift 1)

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