The function $f: R \rightarrow R$ is defined by $f(x)=3^{-x}$. Observe the following statements of it I. $f$…

The function $f: R \rightarrow R$ is defined by $f(x)=3^{-x}$. Observe the following statements of it I. $f$ is one-one II. $f$ is onto III. $f$ is a decreasing function Out of these, true statement are
  1. Only I, II
  2. Only II,III
  3. Only I,III
  4. I,II,III

Solution

Since, $f: R \rightarrow R$ such that $f(x)=3^{-x}$. Let $y_1$ and $y_2$ be two elements of $f(x)$ such that $ \begin{aligned} & y_1=y_2 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad 3^{-x_1}=3^{-x_2} \Rightarrow x_1=x_2 \\ & \end{aligned} $ Since, if two images are equal, then their elements are equal, therefore it is one-one function Let $ y=3^{-x} $ On differentiating w.r.t. $x$, we get $\frac{d y}{d x}=-3^{-x} \log 3 < 0$ for every value of $x$ $\therefore$ It is decreasing function $\therefore$ Statement I and II are true

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2004

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