The focal length of a mirror is given by $\frac{2}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}$. In finding the values of $u$…

The focal length of a mirror is given by $\frac{2}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}$. In finding the values of $u$ and $v$, the errors are equal to ' $p$ '. Then, the relative error in $f$ is
  1. $\frac{p}{2}\left(\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}\right)$
  2. $p\left(\frac{1}{u}+\frac{1}{v}\right)$
  3. $\frac{p}{2}\left(\frac{1}{u}-\frac{1}{v}\right)$
  4. $p\left(\frac{1}{u}-\frac{1}{v}\right)$

Solution

Given, equation is $\frac{2}{f}=\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}$ Differentiating the given equation, we have $ \begin{aligned} -\frac{2}{f^2} d f & =-\frac{1}{v^2} d v+\left(-\frac{1}{u^2}\right) d u \\ & =-p\left(\frac{1}{v}-\frac{1}{u}\right)\left(\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}\right) \quad\left(\because \frac{d v}{v}=\frac{d u}{u}=p\right) \\ & =\frac{-2 p}{f}\left(\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}\right) \quad \text { [using Eq. (i)] } \\ \therefore \quad \frac{d f}{f} & =p\left(\frac{1}{v}+\frac{1}{u}\right) \end{aligned} $

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2013

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