The depth below the earth's surface at which the acceleration due to gravity ' $g$ ' becomes…

The depth below the earth's surface at which the acceleration due to gravity ' $g$ ' becomes $\frac{\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{n}}$ is $(\mathrm{R}=$ radius of the earth, $\mathrm{n}$ is an integer, $\mathrm{n}>1)$
  1. $\frac{\mathrm{R}(\mathrm{n}+1)}{\mathrm{n}}$
  2. $\frac{R(n-1)}{n}$
  3. $\frac{\mathrm{Rn}}{(\mathrm{n}+1)}$
  4. $\frac{\mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{n}}$

Solution

Acceleration due to gravity at surface, $g=\left(\frac{G M}{R^2}\right)$ where, $\mathrm{G}$ is the universal gravitational constant, $\mathrm{R}$ is the radius of earth. At a depth $\mathrm{h}$ below the surface, considering force balance: $\begin{aligned} & \frac{G\left\{M\left(\frac{R-h}{R}\right)^3\right\} m}{(R-h)^2}=m g^{\prime} \\ & \Rightarrow g^{\prime}=\left(\frac{G M}{R^2}\right) \frac{(R-h)}{R}=g\left(\frac{R-h}{R}\right)=\frac{g}{n} \\ & \Rightarrow \frac{R-h}{R}=\frac{1}{n} \\ & \Rightarrow \frac{-h}{R}=\frac{1-n}{n} \end{aligned}$ $\Rightarrow \mathrm{h}=\frac{(\mathrm{n}-1) \mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{n}}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2022 (08 Aug Shift 2)

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