The correct statements with respect to halides of group 14 elements are I. Both $\mathrm{CCl}_4$ and…

The correct statements with respect to halides of group 14 elements are I. Both $\mathrm{CCl}_4$ and $\mathrm{SiCl}_4$ undergo hydrolysis II. $\mathrm{GeX}_4$ is more stable than $\mathrm{GeX}_2$ III. $\mathrm{PbX}_4$ is less stable than $\mathrm{PbX}_2$ IV. Stability of dihalides decreases down the group.
  1. I, IV only
  2. II, IV only
  3. II, III only
  4. III, IV only

Solution

$\mathrm{CCl}_4$ does not undergo hydrolysis since $\mathrm{C}$ does not have 'd' orbital to accept the electrons from donor. $\therefore \quad$ (I) is incorrect. GP. 14 elements have 4 electrons in their valence shells. So, $(+4)$ and $(+2)$ are the common oxidate states (O.S.) for $\mathrm{C}$ to $\mathrm{Pb}$. However, the stability of $(+4)$ O.S. decreases from $\mathrm{Ge}$ to $\mathrm{Pb}(\mathrm{Ge} < \mathrm{Sn} < \mathrm{Pb})$ due to inert pair effect. Therefore, Ge forms stable compound in $(+4)$ O.S. and $\mathrm{Pb}$ in $(+2)$ O.S. $\therefore$ (II) $\&$ (III) are correct. Stability of dihalides increases down the group. $\therefore \quad$ (IV) is incorrect.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2022 (05 Jul Shift 2)

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