The combining capacity of various elements depends on the number of valence electrons. Also the reactivity…
The combining capacity of various elements depends on the number of valence electrons. Also the reactivity of elements is explained as their tendency to attain a completely filled outer shell, that is, to attain a noble gas configuration. This may be either through gain of electrons or loss of electrons or sharing of electrons.
(a) An element A has atomic number 16, how will it attain its nearest noble gas configuration ?
(b) Write the number of (i) single and (ii) double covalent bonds in a molecule of butene (C4H8).
(c) (A) Explain the formation of a molecule of ammonia (NH3), using electron dot structure. (Atomic number of nitrogen is 7)
Solution
(a) It shall gain or share 2 electrons to attain its nearest noble gas configuration.
(b) (i) The number of single covalent bonds- 10
(ii)The number of double covalent bonds-1
(c) (A) [Diagram: electron dot structure of NH3 - H:N:H with lone pair, one H below]