Solve the differential equation given below $$ \frac{x d y}{d x}=y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2} $$

Solve the differential equation given below $$ \frac{x d y}{d x}=y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2} $$
  1. $x^2=c\left[y+\sqrt{y^2+x^2}\right]$
  2. $y^2=c\left[x+\sqrt{y^2-x^2}\right]$
  3. $y^2=c\left[x+\tan ^{-1}\left(\sqrt{1+y^2}\right)\right]$
  4. $y^2=c\left[x-\sqrt{y^2+x^2}\right]$

Solution

Given differential equation $ \begin{aligned} \quad x \frac{d y}{d x} & =y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2} \\ \Rightarrow \quad \frac{d y}{d x} & =\frac{y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}}{x} \end{aligned} $ Now, put $y=v \cdot x$ $ \therefore \quad \frac{d y}{d x}=v+x \frac{d v}{d x} $ On doing substitution, we get $ \begin{aligned} & v+x \frac{d v}{d x}=v+\sqrt{1+v^2} \\ \Rightarrow & \int \frac{d v}{\sqrt{1+v^2}}=\int \frac{d x}{x} \\ \Rightarrow & \log _{\ell} C+\log _{\ell}\left(\sqrt{1+v^2}+v\right)=\log _{\ell} x \\ \Rightarrow & \log \left[\left(y+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right) C\right]=2 \log _{\ell} x \\ \Rightarrow & x^2=C\left[y+\sqrt{y^2+x^2}\right] \end{aligned} $ Hence, option (1) is correct

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2020 (22 Sep Shift 1)

Practice more Differential Equations questions on Aicharya