Let $A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & \frac{1}{51} \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$. If $B = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ -1 & -1…

Let $A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & \frac{1}{51} \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$. If $B = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ -1 & -1 \end{bmatrix} A \begin{bmatrix} -1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$, then the sum of all the elements of the matrix $\sum_{n=1}^{50} B^n$ is equal to
  1. 75
  2. 125
  3. 50
  4. 100

Solution

Given, $A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & \frac{1}{51} \\ 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$, $B = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ -1 & -1 \end{bmatrix} A \begin{bmatrix} -1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ So, $B = MAN$ Now let $M = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 \\ -1 & -1 \end{bmatrix}$ and $N = \begin{bmatrix} -1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$

Now solving,

12-1-1M -1-211N=1001

 MN=I=NM

Now using, B=MAN we get

Bn=MANn=MAN MAN .......MAN 

Bn=MANMIANMI .......NMIAN 

Bn=MAAAAA.....An timesN =MAnN

Now, using A=115101

 A=1001+015100=I+E

Now finding, E2=015100015100=0000

 E2=0, so all higher power will also be zero,

 An=I+En=I+nE+nC2E20+nC3E30+nC4E40...........

 An=I+nE

 An=1n5101

So, Bn=MAnN=12-1-1 1n5101-1-211Bn= 1n51+2-1-n51-1-1-211 

Bn=1+n51n51-n511-n51

n=150Bn=50+50·512·5150·512·51-50·512·5150-50·512·51=7525-2525

 Sum =100

Asked in: JEE Main 2023 (12 Apr Shift 1)

Practice more Matrices questions on Aicharya