Let $m$ be a natural number such that $20000 < m < 60000$ and let $k$ be the sum of all the digits in $m$.…

Let $m$ be a natural number such that $20000 < m < 60000$ and let $k$ be the sum of all the digits in $m$. Then the number of numbers $m$ for which $k$ is even, is
  1. 19909
  2. 19989
  3. 18999
  4. 19999

Solution

Let us consider 10 successive five digit numbers $ \begin{aligned} & a_1 a_2 a_3 a_4 0 \\ & a_1 a_2 a_3 a_4 1 \\ & a_1 a_2 a_3 a_4 2 \\ & \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots . . \\ & a_1 a_2 a_3 a_4 9 \end{aligned} $ Where, $a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4$ are some digits. We see that half of these 10 numbers i.e. 5 have an even sum of digits. The first digit $a_1$ can takes $2,3,4,5$ and each of the digits $a_2, a_3, a_4$ can takes 10 different values the units place digit can assume only 5 different values of which the sum of all digits is even. $\begin{aligned} \text { So, value of } K \text { is } & =4 \times 10^3 \times 5-1 \\ & {[\because 20,000 \text { will not include }] } \\ & =19999 .\end{aligned}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2018 (24 Apr Shift 1)

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