Let…

Let $A_n=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-\ldots+(-1)^{n-1}\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^n$ and $B_n=1-A_n$. Then, the least odd natural number $p$, so that $B_n>A_n$, for all $n \geq p$ is
  1. 5
  2. 7
  3. 11
  4. 9

Solution

$ A_n=\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)-\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^3-\ldots+(-1)^{n-1}\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^n $ Which is a G.P. with $a=\frac{3}{4}, r=\frac{-3}{4}$ and number of terms $=n$ $ \begin{aligned} \therefore A_n &=\frac{\frac{3}{4} \times\left(1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n\right)}{1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)}=\frac{\frac{3}{4} \times\left(1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n\right)}{\frac{7}{4}} \\ \Rightarrow A_n=\frac{3}{7}\left[1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n\right] \\ \text { As, } B_n=1-A_n \end{aligned} $ For least odd natural number $\mathrm{p}$, such that $B_n>A_n$ $ \Rightarrow 1-A_n>A_n \Rightarrow 1>2 \times A_n \Rightarrow A_n < \frac{1}{2} $ From eqn. (1), we get $ \begin{aligned} &\frac{3}{7} \times\left[1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n\right] < \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow 1-\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n < \frac{7}{6} \\ &\Rightarrow 1-\frac{7}{6} < \left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n \Rightarrow \frac{-1}{6} < \left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n \end{aligned} $ As $n$ is odd, then $\left(\frac{-3}{4}\right)^n=-\frac{3^n}{4}$ So $\frac{-1}{6} < -\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^n \Rightarrow \frac{1}{6}>\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^n$ $ \log \left(\frac{1}{6}\right)=n \log \left(\frac{3}{4}\right) \Rightarrow 6.228 < n $ Hence, $n$ should be 7

Asked in: JEE Main 2018 (15 Apr Shift 2 Online)

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