Let $p$ and $q$ be real numbers such that $p \neq 0, p^3 \neq q$ and $p^3 \neq-q$. If $\alpha$ and $\beta$…

Let $p$ and $q$ be real numbers such that $p \neq 0, p^3 \neq q$ and $p^3 \neq-q$. If $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are non-zero complex numbers satisfying $\alpha+\beta=-p$ and $\alpha^3+\beta^3=q$, then $a$ quadratic equation having $\frac{\alpha}{\beta}$ and $\frac{\beta}{\alpha}$ as its roots is
  1. $\left(p^3+q\right) x^2-\left(p^3+2 q\right) x +\left(p^3+q\right)=0$
  2. $\left(p^3+q\right) x^2-\left(p^3-2 q\right) x +\left(p^3+q\right)=0$
  3. $\left(p^3-q\right) x^2-\left(5 p^3-2 q\right) x +\left(p^3-q\right)=0$
  4. $\left(p^3-q\right) x^2-\left(5 p^3+2 q\right) x +\left(p^3-q\right)=0$

Solution

Sum of roots $=\frac{\alpha^2+\beta^2}{\alpha \beta}$ and product $=1$ Given, $\alpha+\beta=-p$ and $\alpha^3+\beta^3=q$ $ \begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow(\alpha+\beta)\left(\alpha^2-\alpha \beta+\beta^2\right)=q \\ & \therefore \quad \alpha^2+\beta^2-\alpha \beta=\frac{-q}{p} \end{aligned} $ and $\quad(\alpha+\beta)^2=p^2$ $ \Rightarrow \quad \alpha^2+\beta^2+2 \alpha \beta=p^2 $ From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get $ \alpha^2+\beta^2=\frac{p^3-2 q}{3 p} $ and $\alpha \beta=\frac{p^3+q}{3 p}$ $\therefore$ Required equation is $ \begin{gathered} x^2-\frac{\left(p^3-2 q\right) x}{\left(p^3+q\right)}+1=0 \\ \Rightarrow\left(p^3+q\right) x^2-\left(p^3-2 q\right) x+\left(p^3+q\right)=0 \end{gathered} $

Asked in: JEE Advanced 2010 (Paper 1)

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