Match the organism with its use in biotechnology. (a) Bacillus thuringiensis (i) Cloning vector (b) Thermus…

Match the organism with its use in biotechnology.

(a) Bacillus thuringiensis (i) Cloning vector
(b) Thermus aquaticus (ii) Construction of first rDNA molecule
(c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (iii) DNA polymerase
(d) Salmonella typhimurium (iv) Cry proteins
  1. (a)-(iv), (b)-(iii), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  2. (a)-(iii), (b)-(ii), (c)-(iv), (d)-(i)
  3. (a)-(iii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(i), (d)-(ii)
  4. (a)-(ii), (b)-(iv), (c)-(iii), (d)-(i)

Solution

The construction of the first recombinant DNA emerged from the possibility of linking a gene–encoding antibiotic resistance with a native plasmid (autonomously replicating circular extrachromosomal DNA) of Salmonella typhimurium. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid that was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance. 

The tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been modified (disarmed) into a cloning vector that is no more pathogenic to the plants but is able to use the mechanism to deliver genes of interest into a variety of plants.

A particular type of thermostable DNA polymerase often referred to by its popular nickname ‘Taq polymerase’, a heat–resistant enzyme isolated from the bacterium Thermus aquaticus is used in PCR.

B. thuringiensis during sporulation forms intracellular crystalline bodies (cry proteins) that contain an insecticidal protein called the endotoxins.

Asked in: NEET 2020 (Phase 1)

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