Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:

Pinus seed cannot germinate and establish without fungal association. This is because:
  1. Its embryo is immature
  2. It has obligate association with mycorrhizae
  3. It has very hard seed coat
  4. Its seeds contain inhibitors that prevent germination

Solution

Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association of a fungus with a root system. Pinus cannot germinate without a fungal partner. It has an obligate and mutualistic association with mycorrhizae.

Asked in: NEET 2019 (All India)

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