$P$ is a point denoting $z$ in the argand diagram and if $\frac{z-i}{z-1}$ is always purely imaginary, then…

$P$ is a point denoting $z$ in the argand diagram and if $\frac{z-i}{z-1}$ is always purely imaginary, then locus of $P$ is
  1. the circle with centre $\left(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)$ and radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
  2. the circle with centre $\left(-\frac{1}{2},-\frac{1}{2}\right)$ and radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
  3. the points on the circle with centre $\left(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)$ and radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, excluding the points $(1,0)$ and $(0,1)$
  4. the points on the circle with centre $\left(-\frac{1}{2},-\frac{1}{2}\right)$ and radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, excluding the origin

Solution

Let $z=x+i y$, then $\frac{z-i}{z-1}=\frac{x+i(y-1)}{(x-1)+i y}$ So, $\quad \operatorname{Re}\left(\frac{z-i}{z+1}\right)=\frac{x(x-1)+y(y-1)}{(x-1)^2+y^2}$ $\because \frac{z-i}{z+1}$ is purely imaginary, So, $\operatorname{Re}\left(\frac{z-i}{z+1}\right)=0 \Rightarrow x^2+y^2-x-y=0$, and it is a circle with centre $\left(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right)$ and radius $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, excluding the points $(1,0)$ and $(0,1)$.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2018 (23 Apr Shift 2)

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