In isolated system, find the condition for spontaneous reaction.

In isolated system, find the condition for spontaneous reaction.
  1. $\Delta U=0, \Delta S=0, \Delta G=0$
  2. $\Delta U < 0, \Delta S>0, \Delta G < 0$
  3. $\Delta U=0, \Delta S>0, \Delta G < 0$
  4. $\Delta U < 0, \Delta S < 0, \Delta G < 0$

Solution

For an isolated system, $q=0, w=0$ $\begin{aligned} & \therefore \quad \Delta U=0 \\ & \Delta G=\Delta H-T \Delta S\end{aligned}$ For spontaneous reaction, $\Delta G=-v$ e. $\Delta H=0$ for an isolated system. Thus, $\Delta S>0$ for the reaction to be spontaneous.

Asked in: NEET 2023 (All India)

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