In essence, what does 'Due Process of Law' mean?

In essence, what does 'Due Process of Law' mean?
  1. The principle of natural justice
  2. The procedure established by law
  3. Fair application of law
  4. Equality before law

Solution

Per the official UPSC key, the answer is A — Due Process of Law embodies the principle of natural justice, going beyond mere procedure established by law to test substantive fairness.

Asked in: UPSC Prelims 2023

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