In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant decrease from $0.6 \mathrm{M}$ to $0.3…

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant decrease from $0.6 \mathrm{M}$ to $0.3 \mathrm{M}$ in $15 \mathrm{~min}$. The time taken for the concentration to change from $0.1 \mathrm{M}$ to $0.025 \mathrm{M}$ in minutes is
  1. $1.2$
  2. $12$
  3. $30$
  4. $3$

Solution

Since, concentration of the reactant decreases from $0.6 \mathrm{M}$ to $0.3 \mathrm{M}$ (i.e., halved) in 15 minutes, therefore half time for this reaction be $15 \mathrm{~min}$. $ \text { i.e. }, t_{1 / 2}=15 \mathrm{~min} $ Now for a first order reaction $ k=\frac{0.693}{t_{1 / 2}}=\frac{0.693}{15} \mathrm{~min}^{-1} $ Again, $\quad k=\frac{2.303}{t} \log \frac{[A]_0}{[A]}$ $ \begin{aligned} \therefore \quad \frac{0.693}{15} & =\frac{2.303}{t} \log \frac{0.1}{0.025} \\ t & =\frac{2.303 \times 15}{0.693} \times \log 4 \\ & =\frac{2.303 \times 15}{0.693} \times 0.6020=30 \mathrm{~min} \end{aligned} $ Alternate method $\because$ Reaction is of first order with $t_{1 / 2}=15 \mathrm{~min}$ $ \begin{aligned} \therefore 0.1 \mathrm{M} \stackrel{15 \mathrm{~min}}{\longrightarrow} \frac{0.1}{2} & =0.05 \mathrm{M} \stackrel{15 \mathrm{~min}}{\longrightarrow} \frac{0.05}{2} \\ & =0.025 \mathrm{M} \end{aligned} $ $\therefore$ Total time $=15+15=30 \mathrm{~min}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2014

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