If $A^{-1}=\frac{-1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}5 & 8 \\ -1 & 2\end{array}\right]$, then $2 A+I_2=$, where…

If $A^{-1}=\frac{-1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc}5 & 8 \\ -1 & 2\end{array}\right]$, then $2 A+I_2=$, where $I_2$ is a unit matrix of order 2
  1. $\left[\begin{array}{ll}5 & 8 \\ 1 & 2\end{array}\right]$
  2. $\left[\begin{array}{ll}5 & 8 \\ 2 & 2\end{array}\right]$
  3. $\left[\begin{array}{ll}2 & 4 \\ 1 & 1\end{array}\right]$
  4. $\left[\begin{array}{ll}5 & 8 \\ 2 & 3\end{array}\right]$

Solution

$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{A}^{-1}=\frac{-1}{2}\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1 & -4 \\ -1 & 2 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc} \frac{-1}{2} & 2 \\ \frac{1}{2} & -1 \end{array}\right] \\ & \mathrm{AA}^{-1}=\mathrm{I} \Rightarrow \mathrm{A}\left[\begin{array}{cc} \frac{-1}{2} & 2 \\ \frac{1}{2} & -1 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right] \end{aligned}$ $\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{R}_2 \rightarrow \mathrm{R}_1+\mathrm{R}_2 \\ & \mathrm{~A}\left[\begin{array}{ll} \frac{-1}{2} & 2 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 1 \end{array}\right] \\ & \mathrm{R}_1 \rightarrow \mathrm{R}_1+2 \mathrm{R}_2 \\ & \mathrm{~A}\left[\begin{array}{cc} \frac{-1}{2} & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc} -1 & -2 \\ 1 & 1 \end{array}\right] \\ & \mathrm{R}_1 \rightarrow-2 \mathrm{R}_1 \\ & \mathrm{~A}\left[\begin{array}{ll} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 2 & 4 \\ 1 & 1 \end{array}\right] \Rightarrow \mathrm{A}=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 2 & 4 \\ 1 & 1 \end{array}\right] \\ & \therefore 2 \mathrm{~A}+\mathrm{I}_2=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 4 & 8 \\ 2 & 2 \end{array}\right]+\left[\begin{array}{ll} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ll} 5 & 8 \\ 2 & 3 \end{array}\right] \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2021 (21 Sep Shift 1)

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