If the population grows at the rate of $8 \%$ per year, then the time taken for the population to be doubled…

If the population grows at the rate of $8 \%$ per year, then the time taken for the population to be doubled is (Given $\log 2=0.6912$ )
  1. 6.8 year
  2. 4.3 years
  3. 10.27 years
  4. 8.64 years

Solution

Let the initial population be $\mathrm{P}$ and rate of increase is $8 \%$ per year. $\begin{aligned} & \therefore \frac{\mathrm{dP}}{\mathrm{dt}}=\frac{8}{100} \mathrm{P} \\ & \therefore \int \frac{\mathrm{dP}}{\mathrm{P}}=\int 0.08 \mathrm{t} \\ & \therefore \log |\mathrm{P}|=0.08 \mathrm{t}+\mathrm{c} \end{aligned}$ When $\mathrm{t}=0$, we get $\mathrm{c}=\log \mathrm{P}$ $\therefore \log \mathrm{P}=0.08 \mathrm{t}+\log \mathrm{P}$ When ' $\mathrm{P}$ ' doubles, we write $\begin{aligned} & \log 2 p=0.08 \mathrm{t}+\log \mathrm{P} \\ & \therefore \log \left(\frac{2 \mathrm{P}}{\mathrm{P}}\right)=\log 2=0.6921=0.08 \mathrm{t} \\ & \therefore \mathrm{t}=\frac{0.6912}{0.08}=8.64 \text { years } \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2021 (23 Sep Shift 1)

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