If the increase in the side of square is $6 \%$, then the approximate percentage increase in its area ......

If the increase in the side of square is $6 \%$, then the approximate percentage increase in its area ......
  1. $36 \%$
  2. $12 \%$
  3. $3 \%$
  4. $4 \%$

Solution

Let side of square $=x$ Given, percentage change in side $=6 \%$ $ \frac{d x}{x} \times 100=6 \% $ We have, $A=x^2$ Differentiate w.r.to ' $x$ ' $ \frac{d A}{d x}=2 x \Rightarrow d A=2 x d x $ Dividing by $x^2$ on both sides $ \begin{aligned} \frac{d A}{x^2} & =2 \cdot \frac{x d x}{x^2} \\ \frac{d A}{A} & =2 \frac{d x}{x} \end{aligned} $ $ \left[\because A=x^2\right] $ Now, multiply by 100 $ \frac{d A}{A} \times 100=2 \times\left(\frac{d x}{x} \times 100\right) $ $ \begin{aligned} \text { Percentage change in Area } & =2 \times 6 \% \quad \text { [from Eq. (i)] } \\ & =12 \% \end{aligned} $ Hence, option (2) is correct

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2020 (22 Sep Shift 2)

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