If the engine of a long train moving with constant acceleration crosses a tree with velocity ' $u$ ' and the…

If the engine of a long train moving with constant acceleration crosses a tree with velocity ' $u$ ' and the last compartment of the train crosses the same tree with velocity ' $v$ ', then the velocity with which the middle compartment crosses the same tree is
  1. $\frac{(v+u)}{2}$
  2. $\frac{2 u v}{(u+v)}$
  3. $\sqrt{\frac{\left(v^2+u^2\right)}{2}}$
  4. $\sqrt{2\left(u^2+v^2\right)}$

Solution

Using equation of motion, $\mathrm{v}^2-\mathrm{u}^2=2 \mathrm{as}$ let the length of train is L, on rearranging $v^2-u^2=2 a L$ $a=\frac{v^2-u^2}{2 L}$ ....(1) The velocity with which middle compartment crosses pain, is given by, $\begin{aligned} & v_f^2-u^2=2 a S_f \\ & v_f^2=u^2+2 a\left(\frac{L}{2}\right)=u^2+a L\end{aligned}$ Substitute "a" from equation (1) $v_f^2=u^2+\left(\frac{v^2-u^2}{2 L}\right) L$ $\therefore \mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{f}}=\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{v}^2+\mathrm{u}^2}{2}}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2023 (18 May Shift 1)

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