If heat energy $\Delta Q$ is supplied to an ideal diatomic gas, the increase in internal energy is $\Delta…

If heat energy $\Delta Q$ is supplied to an ideal diatomic gas, the increase in internal energy is $\Delta \mathrm{U}$ and the amount of work done by the gas is $\Delta \mathrm{W}$. The ratio $\Delta \mathrm{W}: \Delta \mathrm{U}: \Delta \mathrm{Q}$ is
  1. $2: 3: 5$
  2. $2: 5: 7$
  3. $7: 5: 9$
  4. $1: 2: 5$

Solution

Fraction of given heat energy utilised in doing external work is given by the formula, $\begin{aligned} & \left(\frac{\Delta \mathrm{W}}{\Delta \mathrm{Q}}\right)=\left(1-\frac{1}{\gamma}\right) \\ & \begin{aligned} \frac{\Delta \mathrm{W}}{\Delta \mathrm{Q}} & =1-\frac{1}{\gamma} \\ & =1-\frac{1}{\left(\frac{7}{5}\right)} \quad \ldots .\left(\gamma_{\text {diatomic }}=\frac{7}{5}\right) \end{aligned} \\ & \begin{aligned} \frac{\Delta \mathrm{W}}{\Delta \mathrm{Q}} & =\frac{2}{7}...(i) \end{aligned} \end{aligned}$ The fraction of heat energy used to increase the internal energy of gas is, $\frac{\Delta U}{\Delta Q}=\frac{1}{\gamma}=\frac{5}{7}...(ii)$
From equations (i) and (ii), $\Delta \mathrm{W}: \Delta \mathrm{U}: \Delta \mathrm{Q}=2: 5: 7$ :

Asked in: MHT CET 2024 (16 May Shift 1)

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