If $X$ has a binomial distribution, $B(n, p)$ with parameters $n$ and $p$ such that $P(X=2)=P(X=3)$, then…

If $X$ has a binomial distribution, $B(n, p)$ with parameters $n$ and $p$ such that $P(X=2)=P(X=3)$, then $\mathrm{E}(\mathrm{X})$, the mean of variable $\mathrm{X}$, is
  1. $2-\mathrm{p}$
  2. $3-p$
  3. $\frac{\mathrm{p}}{2}$
  4. $\frac{p}{3}$

Solution

Since $\mathrm{X}$ has a binomial distribution, $\mathrm{B}(n$, p) $ \begin{aligned} &\therefore \mathrm{P}(X=2)={ }^n \mathrm{C}_2(p)^2(1-p)^{n-2} \\ &\text { and } \mathrm{P}(X=3)={ }^n \mathrm{C}_3(p)^3(1-p)^{n-3} \\ &\text { Given } \mathrm{P}(X=2)=\mathrm{P}(X=3) \\ &\Rightarrow{ }^n \mathrm{C}_2 p^2(1-p)^{n-2}={ }^n \mathrm{C}_3(p)^3(1-p)^{n-3} \\ &\Rightarrow \frac{n !}{2 !(n-2) !} \cdot \frac{p^2(1-p)^n}{(1-p)^2} \\ &=\frac{n !}{3 !(n-3) !} \cdot \frac{p^3(1-p)^n}{(1-p)^3} \end{aligned} $ $ \begin{aligned} &\Rightarrow \frac{1}{n-2}=\frac{1}{3} \cdot \frac{p}{1-p} \\ &\Rightarrow 3(1-p)=p(n-2) \\ &\Rightarrow 3-3 p=n p-2 p \\ &\Rightarrow n p=3-p \\ &\Rightarrow \mathrm{E}(X)=\text { mean }=3-p \\ &(\because \text { mean of } \mathrm{B}(n, p)=n p) \end{aligned} $

Asked in: JEE Main 2014 (11 Apr Online)

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