If $\left|\frac{x^2+k x+1}{x^2+x+1}\right| < 3$ for all real $x$, then $k$ is in the interval

If $\left|\frac{x^2+k x+1}{x^2+x+1}\right| < 3$ for all real $x$, then $k$ is in the interval
  1. $(-\infty,-1)$
  2. $(-1,6)$
  3. $(-1,5)$
  4. $(6, \infty)$

Solution

The given inequality is $\left|\frac{x^2+k x+1}{x^2+x+1}\right| < 3$. Let's first write this inequality as two separate inequalities: 1) $\frac{x^2+k x+1}{x^2+x+1} < 3$ 2) $\frac{x^2+k x+1}{x^2+x+1} > -3$ Solving the first inequality, we get: $x^2+k x+1 < 3x^2+3x+3$ This simplifies to: $2x^2+(k-3)x+2 > 0$ This is a quadratic inequality. For this inequality to hold for all real $x$, the discriminant of the quadratic equation must be negative. The discriminant of a quadratic equation $ax^2+bx+c$ is given by $b^2-4ac$. So, we have: $(k-3)^2-4(2)(2) < 0$ $k^2-6k+9-16 < 0$ $k^2-6k-7 < 0$ Factoring the quadratic, we get: $(k-7)(k+1) < 0$ Solving this inequality, we find that $k$ lies in the interval $(-1,7)$. Now, solving the second inequality, we get: $x^2+k x+1 > -3x^2-3x-3$ This simplifies to: $4x^2+(k+3)x+4 > 0$ Again, for this inequality to hold for all real $x$, the discriminant of the quadratic equation must be negative. So, we have: $(k+3)^2-4(4)(1) < 0$ $k^2+6k+9-16 < 0$ $k^2+6k-7 < 0$ Factoring the quadratic, we get: $(k-1)(k+7) < 0$ Solving this inequality, we find that $k$ lies in the interval $(-7,1)$. Since $k$ must satisfy both inequalities, the intersection of the two intervals $(-1,7)$ and $(-7,1)$ gives the final solution. The intersection is $(-1,1)$. Therefore, the value of $k$ lies in the interval $(-1,1)$. So, the correct option is C) $(-1,1)$.

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2017 (24 Apr Shift 1)

Practice more Quadratic Equation questions on Aicharya