If $S_n=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin (2 n-1) x}{\sin x} d x$ and $n$ is an integer, then…

If $S_n=\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin (2 n-1) x}{\sin x} d x$ and $n$ is an integer, then $\mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{n}+1}-\mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{n}}=$
  1. $-\frac{\pi}{2}$
  2. $1$
  3. $0$
  4. $\frac{\pi}{2}$

Solution

$S_n=\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{\sin (2 n-1) x}{\sin x} d x \quad$ (given) Hence $S_{n+1}=\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{\sin (2 n+1) x}{\sin x} d x$ $\{\because$ Replacing 'n' by $(n+1)\}$ Therefore $ \begin{aligned} \Rightarrow \quad S_{n+1}-S_n & =\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{[\sin (2 n+1) x-\sin (2 n-1) x]}{\sin x} d x \\ \Rightarrow \quad S_{n+1}-S_n & =\int_0^{\pi / 2} \frac{2 \cos 2 n x \cdot \sin x}{\sin x} d x \\ & \left\{\because \sin C-\sin \mathrm{D}=2 \cos \frac{C+D}{2} \cdot \sin \frac{C-D}{2}\right\} \end{aligned} $ $\begin{aligned} \Rightarrow \quad S_{n+1}-S_n & =\frac{1}{n}[\sin 2 n x]_0^{\pi / 2}=\frac{1}{n}[\sin n \pi-\sin 0] \\ & =0\{\text { Since } n \text { is an integer }\}\end{aligned}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2023 (19 May Shift 1)

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