If $\log \sqrt{x^2+y^2}=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)$, then $\frac{d y}{d x}$ is equal to

If $\log \sqrt{x^2+y^2}=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)$, then $\frac{d y}{d x}$ is equal to
  1. $\frac{y-x}{y+x}$
  2. $\frac{x+y}{x-y}$
  3. $\frac{1}{y+x}$
  4. $\frac{1}{x-y}$

Solution

$\log \sqrt{x^2+y^2}=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)$ Differentiate w.r.t ' $x$ ' on both sides, $ \begin{gathered} \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}} \frac{d}{d x}\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right)=\frac{1}{1+\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)^2} \cdot \frac{d}{d x}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right) \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}} \cdot \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{x^2+y^2}} \cdot \frac{d}{d x}\left(x^2+y^2\right) \\ =\frac{1}{\frac{y^2+x^2}{y^2}} \frac{1 \cdot y-x \cdot y^{\prime}}{y^2} \\ \frac{1}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\left(2 x+2 y y^{\prime}\right)=\frac{y^2}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)} \frac{y-x y^{\prime}}{y^2} \\ x+y \cdot y^{\prime}=y^2\left(\frac{y-x y^{\prime}}{y^2}\right) \end{gathered} $ $ \begin{aligned} x+y y^{\prime} & =y-x y^{\prime} \\ y y^{\prime}+x y^{\prime} & =y-x \\ y^{\prime}(x+y) & =y-x \\ y^{\prime} & =\frac{y-x}{x+y} \\ \frac{d y}{d x} & =\frac{y-x}{y+x} \end{aligned} $ Hence, option (1) is correct

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2020 (22 Sep Shift 2)

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