For all real $x$, the minimum value of $\frac{1-x+x^2}{1+x+x^2}$ is

For all real $x$, the minimum value of $\frac{1-x+x^2}{1+x+x^2}$ is
  1. $0$
  2. $1$
  3. $\frac{1}{3}$
  4. $3$

Solution

$\begin{aligned} & f(x)=\frac{1-x+x^2}{1+x+x^2} \\ \therefore \quad & f^{\prime}(x)=\frac{\left(1+x+x^2\right)(-1+2 x)-\left(1-x+x^2\right)(1+2 x)}{\left(1+x+x^2\right)^2} \\ = & \frac{\left(-1+2 x-x+2 x^2-x^2+2 x^3\right)}{\left(1+x+x^2\right)^2} \\ = & \frac{-2+2 x^2}{\left(1+x+x^2\right)^2}\end{aligned}$ If $\mathrm{f}^{\prime}(x)=0$, then $\frac{-2+2 x^2}{\left(1+x+x^2\right)^2}=0 \Rightarrow x^2=1$ $\Rightarrow x= \pm 1$ $\therefore \quad \mathrm{f}(x)$ at $x=1$ is $\frac{1}{3}$ and $\mathrm{f}(x)$ at $x=-1$ is 1 , $\therefore \quad$ Minimum value of $\mathrm{f}(x)$ is $\frac{1}{3}$.

Asked in: MHT CET 2023 (11 May Shift 2)

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