Mathematics › Differential Equations › Homogeneous DE
Find the solution of the following differential equation \(\left\{x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)+y \sin…
Find the solution of the following differential equation \(\left\{x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)+y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\right\} y\)
\[
d x=\left\{y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)-x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\right\} x d y
\]
\(y \cos \left(\frac{x}{y}\right)= \pm e^{-c}\) \(x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)= \pm e^{-c}\) \(x y \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)= \pm e^{-c}\) \(x y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)= \pm e^{-c}\)
Solution
\(\begin{aligned}
&\left\{x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)+y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\right\} y d x \\
&\left\{y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)-x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\right\} x d y \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \frac{d y}{d x}=\left[\frac{x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)+y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)}{y \sin \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)-x \cos \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)}\right] \cdot \frac{y}{x}
\end{aligned}\)
Let \(\quad \frac{y}{x}=V \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=V+x \frac{d V}{d x}\)
\(\begin{aligned}
& \Rightarrow \quad V+x \frac{d V}{d x}=\left(\frac{\frac{1}{V} \cos V+\sin V}{\sin V-\frac{1}{V} \cos V}\right) \cdot V \\
& \Rightarrow \quad V+x \cdot \frac{d V}{d x}=\left(\frac{\cos V+V \sin V}{V \sin V-\cos V}\right) V \\
& \Rightarrow \quad x \cdot \frac{d V}{d x}=\left(\frac{V \cos V+V^2 \sin V-V^2 \sin V+V \cos V}{V \sin V-\cos V}\right) \\
& \Rightarrow \quad x \cdot \frac{d V}{d x}=\frac{2 V \cos V}{V \sin V-\cos V} \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \frac{(V \sin V-\cos V)}{V \cos V} d V=2 \cdot \frac{d x}{x}
\end{aligned}\)
Let \(V \cos V=t \Rightarrow(\cos V-V \sin V) d V=d t\)
\(\begin{array}{lc}
\Rightarrow & \int-\frac{d t}{t}=2 \int \frac{d x}{x} \\
\Rightarrow & 2 \ln x+c=-\ln t \\
\Rightarrow & 2 \ln x+c=-\ln \left(\frac{y}{x} \cos \frac{y}{x}\right) \\
\Rightarrow & \ln \left(x^2 \cdot \frac{y}{x} \cos \frac{y}{x}\right)=-C \\
\Rightarrow & \ln \left(x y \cos \frac{y}{x}\right)=-C \\
\Rightarrow & x y \cdot \cos \frac{y}{x}= \pm e^{-C}
\end{array}\)
Asked in: AP EAMCET 2020 (17 Sep Shift 1)
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