Define $f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}x^2+b x+c, & x < 1 \\ x, & x \geq 1\end{array}\right.$. If $f(x)$ is…

Define $f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}x^2+b x+c, & x < 1 \\ x, & x \geq 1\end{array}\right.$. If $f(x)$ is differentiable at $x=1$, then $(b-c)$ is equal to
  1. $-2$
  2. $0$
  3. $1$
  4. $2$

Solution

Given function, $\begin{aligned} & f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc} x^2+b x+c, & x < 1 \\ x, & x \geq 1 \end{array}\right. \\ & f^{\prime}(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc} 2 x+b, & x < 1 \\ 1, & x \geq 1 \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}$ Since, $f(x)$ is differentiable at $x=1$. $\begin{aligned} & \lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} f^{\prime}(x)=\lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} f^{\prime}(x) \\ & \lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}}(2 x+b)=\lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} 1 \\ & 2+b=1 \Rightarrow b=-1 \end{aligned}$ As form is differentiable at $n=1$ So, it will be continuous at $x=1$ also. $\begin{aligned} & \Rightarrow \quad \lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} f(x)=\lim _{\substack{x \rightarrow 1^{+}}} f^{\prime}(x)=f(1) \\ & \Rightarrow \quad \lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} x^2+b x+c=\lim _{x \rightarrow 1^{+}} x=1 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad 1+b+c=1 \\ & \Rightarrow \quad 1-1+c=1 \Rightarrow c=1 \end{aligned}$ Hence, $b-c=-1-1=-2$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2016

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