At what temperature does the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas becomes equal to…

At what temperature does the average translational kinetic energy of a molecule in a gas becomes equal to kinetic energy of an electron accelerated from rest through potential difference of ' $\mathrm{V}$ ' volt? ( $\mathrm{N}=$ Avogadro number, $\mathrm{R}$ = gas constant, $\mathrm{e}=$ electronic charge $)$
  1. $\frac{2 \mathrm{eVN}}{3 \mathrm{R}}$
  2. $\frac{\mathrm{eVN}}{\mathrm{R}}$
  3. $\frac{\mathrm{eVN}}{4 \mathrm{R}}$
  4. $\frac{3 \mathrm{eVN}}{2 \mathrm{R}}$

Solution

The average translational kinetic energy of a gas molecule $=\frac{3}{2} \mathrm{kT}=\frac{3}{2} \frac{\mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{N}} \mathrm{T}$ The kinetic energy of a electrons accelerated by a p.d. of V volts $\begin{aligned} & =\mathrm{eV} \\ & \therefore \frac{3}{2} \frac{\mathrm{RT}}{\mathrm{N}}=\mathrm{eV} \\ & \therefore \mathrm{T}=\frac{2 \mathrm{eVN}}{3 \mathrm{R}} \end{aligned}$ .

Asked in: MHT CET 2021 (23 Sep Shift 1)

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