An electron of mass ' $m$ ' and charge ' $q$ ' is accelerated from rest in a uniform electric field of…

An electron of mass ' $m$ ' and charge ' $q$ ' is accelerated from rest in a uniform electric field of intensity ' $E$ '. The velocity acquired by it as it travels a distance ' $l$ ' is ' $v$ '. The ratio $\frac{\mathrm{q}}{\mathrm{m}}$ in terms of $\mathrm{E}, l$ and v is
  1. $\frac{\mathrm{v}^2}{2 \mathrm{E} l}$
  2. $\frac{\mathrm{v}^2 l}{2 \mathrm{E}}$
  3. $\frac{2 \mathrm{E}}{\mathrm{v}^2 l}$
  4. $\frac{\mathrm{v}^2 l}{\mathrm{E}}$

Solution

We know $\begin{aligned} & F=m a \text { and } F=q E \\ & \Rightarrow q E=m a \\ & \therefore \frac{\mathrm{qE}}{\mathrm{~m}}=\mathrm{a} \quad ...(i) \end{aligned}$ According to equation of motion, $v^2-u^2=2 a L$ $\begin{aligned} & v^2-0^2=2 a L \\ & v^2=2 a L \\ & a=\frac{v^2}{2 L} \quad ...(ii) \end{aligned}$ From (i) and (ii), $\begin{aligned} & \frac{\mathrm{v}^2}{2 \mathrm{~L}}=\frac{\mathrm{qE}}{\mathrm{~m}} \\ & \frac{\mathrm{q}}{\mathrm{~m}}=\frac{\mathrm{v}^2}{2 \mathrm{EL}}=\frac{\mathrm{v}^2}{2 \mathrm{E} \ell} \quad(\because \mathrm{~L}=\ell) \end{aligned}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2024 (04 May Shift 2)

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