An electric dipole having dipole moment $\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{q} \times 2 \ell$ is placed in a uniform…
An electric dipole having dipole moment $\mathrm{P}=\mathrm{q} \times 2 \ell$ is placed in a uniform electric field ' $E$ '. The dipole moment is along the direction of the field. The force acting on it and its potential energy are respectively
$\mathrm{qE}$ and minimum
$\mathrm{qE}$ and maximum
$2 \mathrm{qE}$ and minimum
zero and minimum
Solution
A dipole has two equal and opposite charges. In a uniform electric field, the two charges will experience equal and opposite force, hence net force will be zero. The potential energy of an electric dipole is minimum in its stable equilibrium position $\left(\theta=0^{\circ}\right)$