Ammonia forms the complex ion $\left[\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_4\right]^{2+}$ with copper ions…

Ammonia forms the complex ion $\left[\mathrm{Cu}\left(\mathrm{NH}_3\right)_4\right]^{2+}$ with copper ions in alkaline solutions but not in acidic solutions. What is the reason for it?
  1. In acidic solutions protons coordinate with ammonia molecules forming $\mathrm{NH}_4^{+}$ions and $\mathrm{NH}_3$ molecules are not available
  2. In alkaline solutions insoluble $\mathrm{Cu}(\mathrm{OH})_2$ is precipitated which is soluble in excess of any alkali
  3. Copper hydroxide is an amphoteric substance
  4. In acidic solutions hydration protects copper ions.

Solution

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Asked in: JEE Main 2003

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