A rocket with an initial mass $m_0$ is going up with a constant acceleration $a$ by exhausting gases with a…

A rocket with an initial mass $m_0$ is going up with a constant acceleration $a$ by exhausting gases with a velocity $v$ relative to the rocket motion, then the mass of the rocket at any instant of time is (assume that no other forces act on it)
  1. $m=m_0 e^{-\frac{a t}{v}}$
  2. $m=m_{\mathrm{e}} e^{-\frac{2 a t}{v}}$
  3. $m=m_0 e^{-\frac{\text { af }}{2 v}}$
  4. $m=m_0 e^{-\frac{a^2 t^2}{v^2}}$

Solution

For a rocket, $ m \frac{d v}{d t}=F_{\text {ext }}+v \frac{d m}{d t} $ Without any external force $\left(F_{\text {ext }}=0\right)$, $ \begin{array}{ll} & m \frac{d v}{d t}=v \frac{d m}{d t} \Rightarrow \int \frac{d v}{v}=\int \frac{d m}{m} \\ \Rightarrow \quad & \log v=\log m+C \end{array} $ When, $v=0, m=m_0$ $ \therefore \quad C=-\log m_0 $ So, we have $ \frac{\Delta v}{v}=\log \frac{m}{m_0} \cdot d t \text { or } m=m_0 e^{-a t / v} $

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2018 (23 Apr Shift 2)

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