A radioactive substance has a half-life of $10^8$ years and an activity of $10^4 \mathrm{~Bq}$. The number…

A radioactive substance has a half-life of $10^8$ years and an activity of $10^4 \mathrm{~Bq}$. The number of atoms of this substance present is
  1. $9.1 \times 10^{19}$
  2. $6.7 \times 10^9$
  3. $4.5 \times 10^{19}$
  4. $5 \times 10^{20}$

Solution

Half-life of a radioactive substance, $\begin{aligned} T_{1 / 2} & =10^8 \text { years } \\ & =10^8 \times 365 \times 24 \times 60 \times 60=3.15 \times 10^{15} \mathrm{~s} \end{aligned}$ Activity, $R=10^4 \mathrm{~Bq}$ Let $N$ be the number of atoms of substance, then we know that $\begin{aligned} R & =\lambda N \Rightarrow \lambda=R / \lambda \\ & =\frac{R}{\frac{0.693}{T_{1 / 2}}} \quad\left(\because \lambda=\frac{0.693}{T_{1 / 2}}\right) \\ & =\frac{R \times T_{1 / 2}}{0.693}=\frac{10^4 \times 3.15 \times 10^{15}}{0.693} \\ & =4.54 \times 10^{19} \simeq 4.5 \times 10^{19} . \end{aligned}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2022 (06 Jul Shift 2)

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