A launching vehicle carrying an artificial satellite of mass $m$ is set for launch on the surface of the…

A launching vehicle carrying an artificial satellite of mass $m$ is set for launch on the surface of the earth of mass $M$ and radius $R$. If the satellite is intended to move in a circular orbit of radius $7 R$, the minimum energy required to be spent by the launching vehicle on the satellite is $($ Gravitational constant $=G$ )
  1. $\frac{G M m}{R}$
  2. $-\frac{13 G M m}{14 R}$
  3. $\frac{G M m}{7 R}$
  4. $\frac{G M m}{14 R}$

Solution

The energy of artificial satellite at the surface of the earth $E_1=-\frac{G M m}{R}$ When the satellite is intended to move in a circular orbit of radius $7 R$, then energy of artificial satellite $E_2=-\frac{1}{2} \frac{G M m}{7 R}$ The minimum energy required $E=E_1-E_2$ $=-\frac{G M m}{R}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{G M m}{7 R}\right)$ $=\frac{-14 G M m+G M m}{14 R}$ $=-\frac{13 G M m}{14 R}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2010

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