A fully charged capacitor has a capacitance $C$. It is discharged through a small coil of resistance wire,…

A fully charged capacitor has a capacitance $C$. It is discharged through a small coil of resistance wire, embedded in a block of specific heat $s$ and mass $m$ under thermally isolated conditions. If the temperature of the block is raised by $\Delta T$, the potential difference $V$ across the capacitor initially is
  1. $\left(\frac{2 m s \Delta T}{C}\right)^2$
  2. $\left(\frac{2 m s \Delta T}{C}\right)^{1 / 2}$
  3. $\left(\frac{2 m s \Delta T}{C}\right)$
  4. $2 m s \Delta T C$

Solution

Let $V$ be the potential across the capacitor when it is fully charged, then, energy stored in the capacitor will be $=\frac{1}{2} C V^2$ (where $C=$ capacitance of capacitor) When the capacitor is fully discharged, loss of energy is in the form of heat $=\Delta H$ As the system is thermally isolated so, $\Delta H=\frac{1}{2} C V^2$ Here, $\Delta H=m s \Delta T$ $\therefore \quad \frac{1}{2} C V^2=m s \Delta T$ or $V=\left(\frac{2 m s \Delta T}{C}\right)^{1 / 2}$

Asked in: AP EAMCET 2011

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