A Carnot engine with efficiency $50 \%$ takes heat from a source at $600 \mathrm{~K}$. To increase the…

A Carnot engine with efficiency $50 \%$ takes heat from a source at $600 \mathrm{~K}$. To increase the efficiency to $70 \%$, keeping the temperature of the sink same, the new temperature of the source will be
  1. $360 \mathrm{~K}$
  2. $1000 \mathrm{~K}$
  3. $900 \mathrm{~K}$
  4. $300 \mathrm{~K}$

Solution

$\begin{aligned} & \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{H}}=600 \mathrm{k} \\ & \eta=1-\frac{\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{C}}}{\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{H}}} \\ & \text { but, } \eta=\frac{1}{2} .... ( Given: \eta=50 \%) \\ & \Rightarrow \frac{1}{2}=1-\frac{\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{C}}}{600} \\ \therefore \quad & \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{C}}=300 \mathrm{~K} \end{aligned}$ (Given: $\eta=50 \%$ ) With $\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{C}}=300 \mathrm{~K}$, the efficiency is increased to $70 \%$ $\therefore \quad$ New temperature of the source will be $\mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{Hac}_{\mathrm{a}}}$ $\begin{array}{ll} \therefore \quad \eta=1-\frac{300}{\mathrm{~T}_{\mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{ec}}}} \\ \quad \frac{300}{\mathrm{~T}_{\mathrm{H}_{\text {sew }}}}=1-\frac{7}{10} \quad \ldots .(\because \eta=70 \%) \\ \therefore \quad \mathrm{T}_{\mathrm{H}_{\text {ecw }}}=\frac{3000}{3}=1000 \mathrm{~K} \end{array}$

Asked in: MHT CET 2023 (10 May Shift 1)

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